What effect does trans fatty acid intake have on cholesterol levels?

Trans fatty acids are known to have a detrimental impact on cholesterol levels by raising low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and lowering high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Elevated LDL cholesterol is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, as it contributes to the buildup of plaque in the arteries. Conversely, HDL cholesterol is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because it helps remove LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream.

The mechanism through which trans fats affect cholesterol involves their structure, which differs from healthier unsaturated fats. Consuming trans fats can lead to an imbalance in the body’s lipid profile, making it more susceptible to cardiovascular diseases. The negative effects of trans fatty acids underscore the importance of monitoring dietary fat intake, especially in promoting heart health.