What is a consequence of excessive calorie consumption?

Excessive calorie consumption leads to weight gain because the body stores any surplus calories as fat. When an individual consumes more calories than they burn through daily activities and metabolic processes, the excess energy is stored to be used later. This can result in a positive energy balance, where energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, leading to an accumulation of body fat over time.

In contrast, weight loss typically occurs when there is a negative energy balance, where calorie expenditure exceeds intake. Improved metabolism is not a direct consequence of excessive calorie intake; in fact, consistent overeating can sometimes lead to metabolic changes that don't necessarily result in an improved metabolic rate. Similarly, muscle tissue preservation is more associated with adequate protein intake and caloric maintenance rather than excess calorie consumption, especially if it leads to increased body fat rather than lean muscle mass. Thus, the most accurate consequence of excessive calorie consumption among the choices provided is indeed weight gain.